| Austria | France | Germany | Russia | Britain | |
| 1871 | 36 | 80 | 143 | 7 | 334 |
| 1881 | 134 | 389 | 690 | 307 | 1316 |
| 1891 | 495 | 744 | 2452 | 434 | 3208 |
| 1901 | 1099 | 1425 | 6137 | 2220 | 4983 |
| 1911 | 2348 | 3413 | 13100 | 3314 | 6476 |
Table 1: Output of Crude Steel for Major European Countries
(in millions of metric tons)
Note: On the eve of World War I, the United States produced nearly 32 billion metric tons of steel annual, almost as much as all five of the major European powers combined.